C++ Arithmetic Operators

In this lesson, you will learn about C++ Operators, particularly Arithmetic Operators, and their usage, along with examples to better understand the topic.

What is an Operator?

An operator is a sign that instructs the compiler to carry out particular logical or mathematical operations on a value or variable. Operators are symbols that apply operations to values and variables. As an illustration, the operators + and - are used for addition and subtraction, respectively. There are four different types of operators in C++:

Arithmetic Operators

For performing arithmetic operations on variables, arithmetic operators are employed. As an illustration

var1 + var2;

In this case, the + operator combines variables var1 and var2. In a similar vein, C++ offers many other arithmetic operators.

Modulo operator

The remainder is calculated using the modulo percentage operator. A = 13 divided by B = 4 leaves a residual of 1. Note that you can only use the numbers with the percentage operator.

Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication Operator

As we may have expected, the operators +, –, and * compute addition, subtraction, and multiplication, respectively.

Division Operator

In our program, take note of the operation (a / b). When an integer is divided by another integer, the result is the quotient. However, we will receive the answer in decimals if the dividend or the divisor is a floating-point number like var3 / var2= 3.5 (7.0/2= 3.5)

Example of Arithmetic Operators in C++

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main() {
  //declaring two variables
  int var1 = 7, var2 = 2;
  float var3 = 7.0;
  cout << "var1 = " << var1 << " var2 = " << var2 << endl;
  // Displaying the addition of var1 and var2
  cout << "var1+ var2= " << (var1 + var2) << endl;
  // Displaying the difference of var1 and var2
  cout << "var1- var2= " << (var1 - var2) << endl;
  // Displaying the product of var1 and var2
  cout << "var1* var2= " << (var1 * var2) << endl;
  // Displaying the division of var1 by var2
  cout << "var1/ var2= " << (var1 / var2) << endl;
  // Displaying the division of var3 by var2
  cout << "var3/ var2= " << (var3 / var2) << endl;
  // Displaying the modulo of var1 by var2
  cout << "var1% var2= " << (var1 % var2) << endl;
  return 0;
}

Output

var1 = 7 var2 = 2
var1+ var2= 9
var1- var2= 5
var1* var2= 14
var1/ var2= 3
var3/ var2= 3.5
var1% var2= 1

Decrement and Increment Operators

Additionally, the increment and decrement operators in C++ are ++ and --, respectively.

++ increases the operand’s value by 1; — decreases it by 1.

Example

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;
int main() {
  int var1 = 7, var2 = 2;
  cout << "var1 = " << (++var1) << " var2 = " << (--var2) << endl;
  return 0;
}

Output

var1 = 8 var2 = 1

This concludes the C++ Arithmetic Operators lesson. In the next lesson, you will learn about Assignment Operators in C++.